Metallic rod packing



May 8, 1928. 1,669,074

J. BADEKER METALLIC ROD PACKING Filed June 1, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 avwonfioz l 33 35 2 JOHN BADEKZR WW. m

May 8, 1928.

J. BADEKER METALLIC- ROD PACKING Filed June 1, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 8, 1928.

UNITED STATES ra t 1,669,074 ENT, F IC JOHN BADEKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHICAGO STANDARDMETALLIC PACKING COMPANY, OF OMAHA, NEBRASKA, A CORPORATION 01 NEBRASKA.

METALLIC non PACKING... I

Application filed June 1, 1925. Serial 1%. 34,168.

My invention relates to metallic packing for maintaining fluid-tight oints about pis ton-rods, valve-stems and the like. It is the object of my invention to provide an efii- .cient, durable and inexpensive packing of this class,.which maybe applied inplaces where it is subject to any temperature or pressure, or in which there are wide variations of temperature and pressure. A further object of my invention is to provide a metallic packing in which the packing-ring may be made of'inetal that is rigid and non deformable, said packing-ring consisting of symmetrical segments having overlapping,

slida bly contacting,plane-surfaced portions forming fluid-tight joints, andhav'ing clearance-spaces enabling the closing of the ring upon the rod to compensate wear of the rodengaging surfaces. A further object of my invention is to providea packing-ring consisting ofan annular series of segments having end-portions which overlap both longitudinally and circumferentially of the rod, and in which the length of the overlapped portions maybe suflicient to enable the fluid-pressure upon the ring to eitectually maintain fluid-tight contact of the faces and prevent circumferential displacement of the segments, without the use of other means for this purpose.

' In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a metallic packing embodying myinvention, and employing a single packing-ring, F ig. 2 is a similar view, showing a structure employing two packingrings, Fig. 3 is an end view or the packingring only, Fig. 4 is a section of the ring on the line le-4; of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an end view of a packing-ring suitable for use on a small -rod, Fig. 6 is a section of said ring on the line 6-6 of Fig 5, Fig. 7. is an end view'ot a packing-ring made in three segments, Fig.

8 is an end view of a worn packing-ring originally oi the same form as therin illustrated in Fig. 3, Fig. 9 is an end View of a single segment of said packing-ring, and

Fig. 10 is a transverse section of thesegment on the line 10--1O of Fig. 9. v

In Fig. 1 of the drawings there is represented a piston-rod having an enlargementor reinforcement 21. at'the external end thereof, saidfrod passing througha stufling box 22 in the cylinder-head 23. At the outer or open end or the stufiing box is disposed a collar or ring 24 'having av portion.

3 Fig. l. gland 2f, and the inner end of said gland which extends into theend of the box, and a peripheral flange which projects over the endol the head Said flange portion of the ring 24 is clamped between the head 23 and the inner end of the gland 25, the latter being secured to the cylinder-head by studbolts 26 and nuts 27 in the usual manner. The. opening-S28 and 29 through the ring 24 and gland are of such diameter that said members may pass over the reinforcemeat 21011 the rod, to enable the assembly thereof when the external end of the rod is disconnected from its cross-head. The glaud clnimber 30'is considerably larger in diameter than the openings 28 and 29, and 1e ends of said chamber, formed by the inner face 31 or the gland and the outer face 32 of the ring 24-, are parallel plane-surfaces, perpendicular to the normal axis of the rod. Disposedjabout the-rod, within the gland chamber aiid adjoining the inner face 5310f, the gland, is the guard-ring Said ring is bored to'fit loosely upon the rod, and is divided on an axial plane into two similar parts, which are held together by an annular coil spring 34 disposed in a groove formed in the peripheral portion of the ring. Both end-faces ot'the guard-ring are plane-surfaced and perpendicular-to the rod-axis, the outer end-face of the ring fitting slidably against the face 31 of the gland and forming a fluid-tight joint therewith. The packingring is disposed in the space between the inner end-face of the guard-ring and the outer face of the ring 24, being slightly spaced from the latter ring, and forming rluid-tightjoints with the guard-ring and the roc i In the structure shown in Fig. 2 the rod 20, stufiing box 22, head 23 and ring 24 are identical with the corresponding parts in The gland 25 is deeper than the 25 is annularly recessed to receive the L- ring which is clamped between the shoul-- der oi the gland and thering24, so that fluid-tight-joints are formed between said parts. The central opening 36 of the 'L-ring 35 is of the same diameter as the openings 28 and 29 through the ring 24 and gland, 25, so that said ring 35 may be passed over thereinforceinent'21 .of the rod. 7 The inwardly extending flange of the L-ring divides the gland-cha1nber into two parts 30 and 30", in each of which is disposed a guard-ring 33 similar to the guard-ring 33 of Fig. 1,. said guard-rings contacting slidably with and forming fluid-tight joints respeetively with the inner face 31 of the gland and the face 37 of the inner flange of the L-ring. A packing-ring disposed in each of the chambers 3Ov and the paclrrug-rings forming fluid-tight joints with the rod and the respective guard-rings, and being slightly spaced from the rear ends of the chambers. I

Packing-rings of the form hereinafter described may be used for both the one-ring arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1, and the two-ring arrangement shown in Fig. 2, although in the latter it is usually preferable that the axial thickness of the packingrings and guard-rings be slightly less than of those in the one-ring structure.

In the structures illustrated in Figs. 3, e, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10. thepackingming is formed by four similar segments, each having a body-portion 38 which is recessedat one end, and at the opposite end has an integral tongue 39 of a form symmetrical with that of the recess in the other end of the segment. The recesses and tongues are formed adjoining the bore and that end face of the packing-ring which engages the guard-ring to form a fluid-tight joint therewith. Between the adjacent ends 40 and 41 of the body-portions of the segments are normally 0 en clearance-spaces which extend from t 1e bore to the periphery of the ring at the inner or open end-face of the ring, which exposed to the fluid-pressure within the gland-chamber. The side-faces 42 of the recessed ends of the segments, and the corresponding side-faces 43 of the tongues 39, are plane-surfaces perpendicular to the axis of the rod, thus being parallel with the end-faces of the packing-ring, and said faces 42 and 48 are so positioned axially of the ring that the thickness of the tongues is slightly more than half the total thickness of the ring. The outer faces 44 of the recesses, and the corresponding faces 45 of the tongues, are chordal plane-surfaces which, starting from the periphery of the ring, extend tangentially of a circle intermediate the bore and periphery, the said chordal faces 44 and -il5 being continued past the point of tangency, or that radius of the bore (such as the line r in Fig. 3) which is perpendicular to the faces. The ends of the recesses and the ends of the tongues 39 may be perpendicular to the respective chordal faces, and the length of the recesses is made substantially the same as the length of the tongues, so that clearance-spaces are provided between the ends of the tongues and recesses corresponding in extent with the spaces between the ends 40 and 41 of the-body-portions of the segments.

Except for packing-rings used upon very large rods, in which the radial thickness of the ring is quite small, relative to the diameter of the rod, the ends 40 and ll of the segment-bodies extend at acute angles to the respectively adjacent chordal faces at and L5, and said angular relation of the/ends and chordal faces must be more acute in packingrings' made" for the smaller rodsizes, inorder to attain the desired maximum length of the chordal faces while maintaining a suitable distance between the ends of the recesses and the tongued ends 41 of the segment-bodies. The described variation in the angular relations of the ends to the chordal faces will be clearly apparent by a comparison of the packing-rings shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the latter being for a small rod and drawn to a larger scale than Fig.

The inner surfaces of the tongues 39 conform with the bore of the packing-ring, thus fitting upon the rod and stopping off the clearance-spaces between the ends 40 and 11, at the bore and at that end-face of the ring which engages the guard-ring. In the-peripheral portions of the segments, intermediate the end-faces of the ring, grooves 46 are provided, in which are disposed the annular retaining-springs 47, two of which are employed for each packing-ring, in the structures shown. Said springs 45 serve to retain the segments in position about the rod at times when the packing-ring is not subject to fluid-pressure within the gland-chamber. The principal force effective for pressing the ring-segments toward the rod, and also for pressing the ring as a whole toward the adjacent face of the guard-ring. is the fluid-pressure normally within the gland-chamber, said pressure being exerted upon the periphery of the packing-ring and upon the open end-face thereof. The packing-ring is freely movable laterally in the gland-chamber to conform with the lateral movements of the rod which occur by reason of imperfect fitting of the piston in the cylinder and of the cross-head and its guides. The clearance between the packingring and the inner end of the gland-chamber, being quite small, definitely limits longitudinal movement of the packing-ring should the rod be'moved inwardly of the cylinder at a time when there is no fluid-pressure in the gland-chamber effective for holding the packing-ring against the guard-ring.

By a. comparison of Figs. 3 and 8, the ex tent to which wear at the bore of the packing'ring may be compensated by closing of the segments toward the rod, and the corresponding reduction in width of the clearance-spaces, may be clearly perceived. In Fig. 8 the original form of the inner portion of one of the segments is indicated by dotted lines, whereby to afford adirect comparison of the original form with the form of the corners outwardly ofthe ends of the next adjacent segmentliodies when the ring is worn as shown inFig. 8; and the adjacent portions of the spring-grooves 46 are similarly rounded off to preventabru 'itbending of the retaining-s 'iriugs if at the ends of the worn segments. From Figs. 3and8 it will also be apparent that during" the gradual closing of the ring to compensate for wear of the rod engaging surfaces, the chordal of therecesses and tongues may ITQlllillIilIl fluid-tight contactwith'each other through out the length thereof, without bending or deformation of the tongues or of any portion of the segments, of which the form may'remain the same except for the wearing away of therod-engaging surfaces. Because of the capability of the packing-ring to close without deformation of its segments, the ring may be made of any suitable metal or alloy, such as will remain rigid and undeformed under the pressures and temperatures to which the packing is subject when in use. The relatively simple form of the segments enables the same to be finished by machining operations when they are made of metal which cannot be cast to perfect form.

An important factor in the successful practical operation of the described packingring. is the relatively great length of overlappingehordal faces of the segments, attained, as before mentioned, by the acute angular inclination of the ends 40 and 41 to said chordal faces. By reason of the long lap of the chordal joints, the inward pressure of the closing-springs, and of the fluid-pres sure in the gland-chamber, efiectually holds the segments in their proper and uniform circumferential spacing, so that the overlapped faces are maintained in fluid-tight contactwith each other, and tilting or cir cumferential shifting of the segments relative to each other prevented without the use of any other means for this purpose. A further aid in preventing opening of the chorda-l joints, is the making of the axial thickness of the tongues 39 slightly more than half the total thickness of the packing-ring, whereby the tongued end of each segment presents a larger rod-engaging surface, proportional to its circumferential extent, than the recessed end of the segment. Thus the in 'ard pressure, exerted upon the peripheral portion of the segment-bodies and transmitted at the chordal tongues, is greater than the pressure trans mitted directly to the rod at the rod-engag ing surfaces of the recessed ends of the seg-' ments.

joints to the underlying It is usually preferable that the packingri'ng be made in four segments as hereinbetore described, as said number of segments affords a suitablelength of the chordal joints and a suiiicient circumferential subdivision of'tlie rod-engaging surfaces to insure maintenance of fluid-tight' olnts between the ring and the rod; Tlhe packing-ringmay be made witl a different number of segments, however, without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example, I have shown in Fig. if a pack ng-ring of the same type, formed with only three instead of four segments. In said figure the membersand parts which corre pondwith those of the foursegment ring previously described, are lndl cated by similar reference, numbers, but with prime indices" added thereto. It will readily be seen that in the three-segment ring,

the nun'iberof clearance-spaces being less, the width of said spaces must be greater than in the four-segment ring, to enablethe same, amount of wear.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim and desire to Patent is;

1. In a metallic rod-packing, a packingring comprising a single annular series of secure by Letters similar segments each having a body-portion of which the ends are normally spaced from the ends of the body-portions of the adjacentsegments of the series; the body-portion of each segment having in one end thereof a recess adjoining the bore and one'endface only of the ring, and having at the other end an integral tongue extending into the recess of the next segment; said tongues and recesses having slidably contacting chordal plane outer faces spaced outwardly from the bore of the ring, and having plane-surfaced slidably contacting sides coextensive with the adjacent chordal faces and perpendicular to the bore of the ring; and the adjacent ends of said tongues and recesses normally having clearance-spaces between them corresponding with those between the ends of the body-portions of the segments.

2. In a metallic rod packing, a packing ring comprising a single annular series of similar segments having body portions of which the ends arenormally spaced apart circumferentially of the ring to provide clearance spaces between them, the body portion of each segment having in one end thereof a recess formed in its side face adjoining the bore and one end face only of the ring, and. having at the other end anintegra-l tongue extending across the clearance space and into the recessin the body portion of the next adjacent segment, said tongues and recesses having slidably contacting chordal plane outer faces spaced outwardly from the to the respective chordal faces, and having slidably contacting plane surfaced sides perpendicular to the bore of the ring and substantially coextensive longitudinally with therespectively adjacent chordal faces, the axial thickness of the tongues being more than half the axial thickness of the body portions of the segments, and the ends of the mating tongues and recesses having clearance spaces between them corresponding with those between the ends of'the body portionsof the segments.

3. In a metallic rod packing, ring comprising a single similar segments having body portions of which the end faces are normally spaced apart circumferentially of the ring to provide clearance spacesbetween them, the body portion of each segment having in one end thereof a side recess adjoining the bore and one end face only of the ring, and having at the otherend an integral tongue extending across the clearance space and into the a packing annular a series of recess in the: body port-ion of the next adjacent segment, said tongues and recesses having slidably contacting chordal plane outer faces spaced outwardly from the bore of the ring and h: ving slid-ably contacting plane surfaced sides perpendicular .to the bore of the ring and substantially coextensive longitudinally with the respective adjacent chordal faces, the ends of the mating tongues and recesses having clearance spaces between them corresponding with those between the end faces of the body portions of the segments, and the end faces of said body portions extending at acute angles to the respectively adjacent ehordal faces of the tongues and recesses, whereby to enable said chordal faces. of the recesses to be extended from the periphery of the ring materially past the radii perpendicular to said faces without causing the recesses to intersect the opposite ends of the body portions.

JOHN BADEKER. 

